Employees of the Institute of Horticulture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine have bred apple varieties that are highly resistant to powdery mildew and scab. Scientists have focused on these diseases, as they are most harmful to apple trees.

The new varieties received the following names: Solomiya, Dozhnitsa, Dmiana, Bereginya, Palanka, Malusha, Zlata, Nastya and Todes. When grown, you can do without treatment with fungicides. And the first crop will be received already in the third year after planting.

Solomia is one of the winter varieties that has fruits weighing 190 g. They are yellow in color with a blush. The flesh of apples is sweet and sour, creamy, juicy. Upon reaching the age of 8, the tree can bring up to 40 kg of apples.

Varieties such as Dozhnitsa and Dmiana are also winter, but have larger fruits weighing 220 g. From one tree you can collect about 45 buckets of apples, which are stored until April-May.

The Institute clarifies that new varieties are necessary for everyone, since scab is common in all regions of Ukraine. The disease affects leaves, shoots and flowers, which slowly dry and fall.

Ill trees begin to massively drop the ovaries in May. If the disease damages the shoots, they swell and burst. The bark is covered with cracks and husks. In the case when the fruits still remain on the branches, dark dots cover them.

The second dangerous disease of the orchard is powdery mildew. It affects the leaves and flowers of the apple tree. The leaves curl and dry, and the flowers acquire a yellow-green color and fall off, like the leaves. The disease takes about half of the apple crop.

To resist it, it is necessary to conduct inspection and pruning of trees several times a year. Especially carefully should check trees for powdery mildew after buds have blossomed and at the end of flowering. Damaged shoots must be immediately cut and burned, and not thrown away, as the spores of the fungus will spread further.