Among the many diverse edible mushrooms, not everyone found universal recognition among the mushroom pickers, and even despite a whole list of their healing properties. One of such little-known representatives of the mushroom world can be considered ordinary funky, and what exactly it is remarkable for and what you should know about the rules for its collection and home cultivation - read in this article.

Description

Common jolly - this is the case when the appearance of a young and already adult plant has significant differences, which cannot but affect the name of the fungus. So, in different parts of Russia they know him as morel of smelly or gouty, upstart, indiscreet phallus, witch egg, damn egg and even shameful, which is also explained by the appearance of this representative of the mushroom family. What exactly he deserved for such names can be guessed after studying his external characteristics.

Young fruit body

At a young age, when the fungus is about a week old, it is characterized by an egg-shaped with a diameter of 7-8 cm in the widest place. At the base, the mycelial filament is clearly visible. The coating layer of such a fungus (peridium) is smooth-skinned, whitish or light beige. Underneath is a gelatinous, jelly-like part (ground oil), the aroma of which is largely reminiscent of the smell of radish.

Important! Only young mushrooms are considered edible, and if they start to produce a sickening smell and seem too large, it is better not to eat them in order to avoid poisoning and pain in the stomach.

During the maturation of the fungus, the covering membrane is torn into several separate blades and more closely resembles a film wrap or a piece of tissue in the lower part of the mushroom leg. From this point on, the fungus looks more like other, more standard mushrooms, consisting of a relatively long leg and a hat.

Sprouted fruit

Germination of the fruiting body is observed immediately, as soon as weather conditions become more favorable for this: high humidity at elevated air temperatures up to +25 ° C. First of all, the upper covering peel (peridium) is torn, after which an open Volvo forms, from which a cylindrical hollow receptacle (leg) grows, often reaching 15–20 cm in height. It usually has a white color, but may be slightly yellow.. In the upper part, a small bell-shaped hat is formed (up to 7 cm high), with a disk-shaped hole in the middle part.

Did you know? In the botanical literature there is information that the growth rate of the described oyster reaches simply incredible values ​​and can be up to 5 mm per minute. This value even exceeds the growth rate of the bamboo tree.

From this moment, the body of the fungus becomes penis-shaped, and during further maturation an olive-brown, sporiferous mucus is formed on the surface, with a clearly noticeable unpleasant odor. It is the smell that draws the attention of the fungus to insects that carry the formed ellipsoid-cylindrical, smooth spores over the territory where new mushrooms will sprout very soon. The spore powder of the “immodest” fungus dissolved in the mucus is characterized by a yellow color, but it may also appear completely white.

Where the morel smelly grows

Common jolly is a characteristic inhabitant of broad-leaved forests, with rich on humus soil. It can grow both singly and form groups near beech, oak or large shrubs. Geographically, you can meet smelly morel in the forests of Europe, Siberia, the Caucasus and the Far East. In some regions of the Russian Federation, it is considered a rare fungus and is even listed in the Red Book, for example, in the Sverdlovsk region.

How and when to collect

The period of active fruiting of the common fungus extends from May to September. But, in order to get the most delicious and healthy edible mushroom, it is better to go for it in August, choosing a sunny and moderately hot day for the trip. It is at this time that the highest activity of mycelium is observed and it is much easier to detect them.

Like other mushrooms, morel sprouts en masse after prolonged and prolonged rains, which means that already in the first warming it is possible to move into the forest for mushroom hunting

As for the collection process, the discovered young ovoid mushrooms are removed from the ground with a spatula or simply by hand, carefully twisting them out of the ground. Already “hatched” specimens can be cut or torn off, later placed in a wide container.

The collected mushrooms can be immediately used to prepare the first and second courses, or they can be dried and ground into powder, from which it is very convenient to prepare various tinctures for medical purposes in the future.

Important! Do not forget that the surface of the fruiting bodies is soft enough, so try not to take it with your fingers so as not to crush the mushroom. Small parts are not so convenient to clean and use when creating blanks.

Similar species

The common fun has its own “doubles” in the forest, with which an inexperienced mushroom picker can confuse morel. First of all, we are talking about Merry Adriana, with pink and purple peridia (the real upstart is white) and has a pleasant yeast aroma. This mushroom is harmless, therefore it can be eaten in the same way as the "original".

False morel - Another characteristic "double", with a white hat and the absence of mucus on its surface and leg. It is these characteristics that distinguish it from a real fun. True, if confusion arises, nothing bad will happen: a false witch egg is not harmful to health, even when ingested.

Morel with a spongy red hat they are also sometimes confused with real fun, but both options really have a similar shape. Moreover, the sponge-like variety can also be eaten, even if this happens infrequently.

Food quality

Suitable options for use will be both mushrooms in the "prenatal" period and recently sprouted specimens, which in some countries are delicacies (for example, in France they are eaten raw instead of radishes or eat along with sour cream and salt). It is better not to consume fully sprouted morel in food, since the processes of decay and natural decay are already activated inside its tissues, which are extremely undesirable for the human body.

Young copies can be stewed, fried and even canned, as a result of which they will be an excellent complement to side dishes, meat and fish dishes.

Healing properties

The most famous healing property of ordinary fun is considered fungus anti-cancer effect. It is often used in folk medicine for the preparation of infusions and tinctures for oncology, although no less effectiveness was noted during the treatment of viral hepatitis, inflammatory infectious diseases, arthrosis, high blood cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, diseases of the genitourinary system, gastrointestinal diseases, and to normalize the thyroid gland and even eliminate infertility.

With proper preparation of a healing potion, you can hope for a positive effect and with reduced immunity, the main thing is to regularly use an infusion of ovoid mushroom

For the treatment of dermatological and internal ailments, both infusions on water and alcohol (vodka or moonshine) tinctures based on the use of fresh or dried mushrooms can be used. Tincture of vodka will be relevant for pain in the stomach, the presence of open wound surfaces, gout and kidney ailments.

As an external agent, it not only promotes faster healing of wounds, but also has an analgesic effect. Due to the large number of positive properties, ordinary funky is often equated with a valuable Japanese shiitake mushroom.

Ground oil application

• The use of the jelly-like component of young oars is appropriate to eliminate the following ailments:
• mastopathy;
• stomach ulcers;
• gastritis;
• kidney ailments;
• joint diseases;
• diseases of the liver, kidneys and pancreas;
• prostatitis and prostate adenomas, especially if they are accompanied by impaired potency.

In addition, the use of earth oil will be appropriate during recovery from a stroke. A universal healing composition in all these cases can be considered a mixture of three tablespoons of dried mushrooms, drenched in flax or olive oil. After mixing, the container with the contents should be tightly closed with a lid and left to infuse for two weeks. Ready-to-use medicine will only have to strain through cheesecloth and shake each time before use.

The course of treatment is 3 months, 1 teaspoon three times a day. If necessary, you can use the same tool to treat inflamed skin, in particular after the appearance of pressure sores or burns

Harm and contraindications

Young specimens of common funky have practically no contraindications to use, but at the same time they not recommended for use by women during pregnancy and lactation, children under the age of twelve and people with hypersensitivity to the constituent components of the fungus (if a person was found to be intolerant of other fungi, then most likely there will be the same reaction to morels).

Did you know? The first mention of the common fungus is contained in the treatises of Ancient Egypt, since the mushroom was widely appreciated by herbalists and alchemists of that time. Of the Russian researchers, the first attempts to study it were made by Razin A.N.

Besides, do not drink alcohol tincture and people who have been treated for alcohol dependenceespecially if there are problems with the liver.

At the first manifestations of undesirable consequences for the body, you must immediately exclude the fun from your diet, drink plenty of fluids and consult your doctor

The undesirable consequences of consuming common fun can be attributed to nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and even diarrhea, not to mention dizziness, which also acts as one of the characteristic signs of poisoning. Any of these conditions may be characteristic of a relatively healthy person, so in any case, do not abuse mushrooms.

Growing at home

In order to provide yourself with mushrooms and not go to the forest, you can plant a witch's egg at home, creating optimal conditions for its productive growth and development in advance. Shaded and semi-shaded areas hidden from natural precipitation and wind will be an ideal place to land., and as a good example, you can consider the basement and sheds, with an air temperature of + 15 ... + 25 ° С.

A mixture of humus, fallen leaves, rotten vegetables, weeds and manure, preformed in the form of a 25-cm embankment, is suitable for the role of a quality substrate (can I in the drawers). The mycelium is evenly distributed on the surface of such soil and covered with clean garden soil, but only so that the layer thickness does not exceed 5–7 cm.

Video: How to grow a fungus mushroom

Caring for planted morels is uncomplicated, and all that is needed is drip plantations at least once a week, and in wet weather and significant natural precipitation - and even less so. When grown in open ground, it is completely optional to cover the mycelium for the winter, because it calmly tolerates almost any frost.

If possible, it is advisable to conduct planting events in early autumn, so that in the spring to collect the first crop of mushrooms. The life expectancy of mycelium in the open air is 6–8 years, and indoors –– no more than 4–5.

With the right collection and responsible approach to the further use of common fungus, you will be given a good chance to get a quality medicinal product or a delicious ingredient for any mushroom dishes, and all that remains is to decide in what form the described mushrooms will be more valuable.